BrainMap

Mrs. Mihaela Florea

PhD

- Universitatea din Bucuresti

Researcher

Web of Science ResearcherID: B-6667-2011

Curriculum Vitae (22/03/2023)

Expertise & keywords

Synthetic Methodology For Large Scale Benfotiamine Production Call name: P 2 - SP 2.1 - Proiect experimental - demonstrativ
PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2021-2529 2022 - 2024

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI

Project partners: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO); MICROSIN SRL (RO)

Affiliation:

Project website: http://www.bensynth.unibuc.ro

Abstract:

Benfotiamine is a synthetic prodrug, analogue of thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, essential for good quality of life. It is available solely or as supplementary diets in treatment of neurological and diabeted-related diseases, as the active ingredient of many drugs available on the international market, such as Milgamma, Neurossen, Benfogama. To date, in spite of major market interest and due to lack of expertise and documentation of the technological process, there is no producer of benfotiamine in Romania. Production of benfotiamine would give access to other finished drug producers to the active ingredient, with the clear benefit of a better presence in the national and European market. A well-known issue in the field is the acute shortage of different medicines in the market for various reasons, most prominent of which is the scarcity of producers around the globe. Although this issue has been apparent in the last decade, COVID-19 crisis put the spotlight on Europe’s inability to quickly manufacture active ingredients and other supplies in dire need for a medical emergency. The need of a national producer, as well as for developing extended production capabilities and know-how is clear: it prevents market-shortage in case of any event with a current manufacturer. In this context, Microsin, the only Romanian company specialized in the organic synthesis of active ingredients for medicines, and the University of Bucharest conjugated their efforts and, through the BENSYNTH project, will develop a chemical synthetic methodology for large scale benfotiamine synthesis, the exact goal of this call. The methodology developed through BENSYNTH will be validated in the laboratory (TRL3) and further applied at the industrial scale (TRL4/TRL5) by Microsin. The collaborative efforts involve a top higher education and research institution and a private company, having as secondary aim strengthening of the relationship between education, research and industry.

Bioethanol-fuel cells with metal-free anode for portable devices Call name: P 2 - SP 2.1 - Proiect de transfer la operatorul economic
PN-III-P2-2.1-PTE-2021-0592 2022 - 2024

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: STIMPEX S.A.

Project partners: STIMPEX S.A. (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO); INSTITUTUL DE CHIMIE FIZICA - ILIE MURGULESCU (RO)

Affiliation:

Project website: https://stimpex.ro/research/bioenergcell-celule-de-combustie-cu-anozi-fara-metale-nobile-alimentate-cu-bioetanol-pentru-dispozitive-portabile/

Abstract:

Fuel cells are notable for their potential to efficiently convert blocked energy into chemical bonds into electricity, while reducing pollutant emissions. Within this project, considering the challenges identified by the research team, we decided to make the technological transfer of a fuel cell powered by bioethanol from two research institutes, ICF and INCDFM, to the economic operator STIMPEX SA.

Thus, the main objective of the BIOENERGCELL proposal is to develop an industrial prototype (generically called BEC) - a fuel cell powered by bioethanol, using as anode an oxide without noble metals, economically competitive and dedicated to powering portable devices.

The specific objectives of our proposal are the following:

OS1 Scaling up of cheaper and more efficient oxide electrocatalysts, containing no noble metals, with increased activity, improved stability and increased tolerance to carbon deposition from CO formation as a reaction intermediate.

OS2 Technology transfer from the research institutes involved in the project (INCDFM and ICF) to the private company (SC STIMPEX SA) in order to create an industrial prototype (BEC) - polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC), electricity generator from renewable sources, used in portable devices.

Given the composition of the consortium, two research institutes and a company with experience in the project, and with a long history of collaboration, we are confident that the project is feasible and will bring progress in the field of innovative membrane fuel cell technology, and also environmental protection. In the long run, fuel cell technology can bring about major changes in the quality of life.

Towards perovskite large area photovoltaics Call name: EEA Grants - Proiecte Colaborative de Cercetare
EEA-RO-NO-2018-0106 2021 - 2024

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO); University of Oslo (NO); Reykjavík University (IS); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA SI INGINERIE NUCLEARA " HORIA HULUBEI " - IFIN - HH (RO); TRITECH GROUP SRL (RO)

Affiliation:

Project website: http://perla-pv.ro/

Abstract:

The perovskite solar cells (PSC) have attracted a considerable interest in photovoltaics community, showing a very fast development in terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE), reaching now values over 25% certified PCE in not stabilized small area samples, proving that they can become real competitors to commonly used solar-cell materials (e.g based on Si). Not only the remarkably large PCE is an important asset, but also the low production costs makes the PSCs very attractive for the solar cell technology, as solution processing techniques are typically employed. In addition, they can be hosted by a long range of flexible substrates, pushing further the record for power per weight and implicitly their utility. However, while the high PCE values and the low production costs are important advantages for PSC, the real challenges to overcome prior of industrial production are their stability in time, reliability and reproducibility of the performance as well as environmental issues raised by the use of toxic elements/solvents. These are well known problems for the small area standard and inverted PSCs, produced by spin-coating in research laboratories and inherently remain the same when envisaged is the fabrication of large area devices. The project addresses these issues starting from the premise that coherent experimental and theoretical studies should be done using from the start cheap deposition techniques applicable on large areas (printing and sputtering). Beside allowing the scaling up, such techniques can be better controlled offering a better homogeneity in deposition than the spin-coating method. The present project includes fundamental and applicative research aiming to achieve both scientific and practical goals. The overall aims/objectives of the project are: A) to develop efficient, stable, reproducible standard and inverted perovskite solar cells and photovoltaic modules fabricated with affordable large area and environmental friendly technologies. It is expected that by developing low cost and stable photovoltaic panels with optimized efficiency the use of such devices in public and private buildings will be boosted, contributing thus to increasing the share of renewable energy in energy balance in Romania and Donor States; B) to strengthen the knowledge base concerning the application of environmental technology; new knowledge will be acquired regarding how PSCs can be optimized for large scale applications and how can they be fabricated using environmentally friendly technologies with low carbon footprint. Specific objectives to be achieved during the project are: O1 - understand the physical working principles of perovskite solar cells and find solutions to increase and stabilize the PCE while enlarging the area of the cells; O2 – reduce the amount of costly materials and toxic solvents used in the fabrication process of both standard and inverted PSC structures with other inexpensive and environmental friendly; O3 - stabilize the PCE performance of PSC via compositional engineering and proper replacements including the selective contacts; O4 - enhance the charge collection efficiency by optimizing interfaces between the layers in the cell; O5 - develop cheap large area fabrication technologies (printing and sputtering) for all the component layers in PSCs, standard and inverted structures; O6 - obtain efficient large area encapsulated PSCs and photovoltaic modules with PCE over 15%. The starting TRL is 3 and the envisaged TRL is 6, meaning that fully operational photovoltaic modules will be manufactured and tested in relevant industrial environment with the help of the SME partner.

The consortium is composed by 5 partners: National Institute of Materials Physics (NIMP), Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), and Tritech Group (WATTROM), a SME as end-user, all from Romania; Oslo University (UiO) from Norway, and Reykjavik University (RU) from Iceland.

2D metallic carbide as active and selective catalysts for direct oxidation of CH4 Call name: P 4 - Proiecte de cercetare "ERC - like" - ERC-2021
PN-III-P4-ID-ERC-2021-0007 2021 - 2023

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Affiliation:

Project website: https://infim.ro/en/project/2dream/

Abstract:

Selective activation of C–H bonds in direct oxidation of methane (DOM) is still an unsolved problem, owing to methane inert nature and less thermodynamically stable oxidation products. Since CH4 transformations are based on high-temperature (>700 °C), expensive energy and cost technologies, new generation of catalysts is required to convert CH4 and O2 directly into valuable chemicals in high yields, at lower temperatures (200–400 °C).

The main driving force of 2DreaM is to elaborate a new generation of catalytic systems based on 2D carbide-nitride materials for DOM to valuable compounds, with high efficiencies and under environmentally friendly conditions.

Classical heterogeneous systems involve a metal deposited on an oxidic support: M/MOx, where the metal’s ability to chemisorb hydrogen is impeded by the oxide migration to the surface. Starting from this approach and being aware of the essential required properties for direct CH4 transformation, we propose a creative concept: an “upside down” catalytic system in which small entities of metal oxide are deposited on a 2D “metallic” material: MOx/M. Our strategy is to use as support transition metals (TM) 2D carbide materials, able to activate the C–H bond, decorated with different MOx (M = Fe, Cu, V, Mo, Ce). This way, the highly tunable “metallic” surfaces provide an increased number of active sites to chemisorb and labilise the C–H bond, promoting its selective oxidation by MOx species. Such materials have never been used as heterogeneous catalysts in DOM, that’s why the 2DreaM challenge is immense, but so is the reward.

High-k Nanoparticle Multilayer Dielectrics for Nanoelectronics and Energy Storage Applications Call name: P 4 - Proiecte Complexe de Cercetare de Frontieră
PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0175 2018 - 2022

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: UNIVERSITATEA "ŞTEFAN CEL MARE" DIN SUCEAVA

Project partners: UNIVERSITATEA "ŞTEFAN CEL MARE" DIN SUCEAVA (RO); UNIVERSITATEA "ALEXANDRU IOAN CUZA" IASI (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA LASERILOR, PLASMEI SI RADIATIEI - INFLPR RA (RO)

Affiliation: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Project website: http://nanomat.usv.ro/pagina-05-5-a.php

Abstract:

Dielectrics are insulating materials that have been the workhorse in computing and electronics. Since the invention of the transistor and the integrated circuit the modern complementary metal oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology heavily relied on rigid SiO2/Si substrates and the relentless downscaling of the size of the transistor has been the core driver for the information revolution. However, to meet the increasing need for miniaturization, low power function and portability in both the civilian and military sector, discrete electronic components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors and transistors should be replaced by embedded circuitry. An important roadblock in the development of energy storage and memory/switching devices with increased efficiency and range of operation is the rather low dielectric permitivity and carrier mobilities of organic polymer materials. The four research teams of the present consortium, led by A. Rotaru (USV, Suceava), L. Mitoseriu (UAIC, Iasi), I. Pintilie (NIMP, Bucharest) and A. Marcu (INFLPR, Bucharest), propose to demonstrate proof concept of manufacturable nanocrystal film structures with a high dielectric permitivity with direct applications in high energy density storage and low-voltage modulated field effect transistors and logic devices. In addressing these challenges we will use complementary expertise in materials synthesis and characterization, device design and testing with the potential of disruptive innovation in flexible electronics.

Chemical recycling of PET - a new heterogeneous catalytic route Call name: P 1 - SP 1.1 - Proiecte de cercetare pentru stimularea tinerelor echipe independente
PN-III-P1-1.1-TE-2019-1969 2020 - 2022

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Affiliation: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Project website: https://infim.ro/en/project/chemical-recycling-of-pet-a-new-heterogeneous-catalytic-route/

Abstract:

Plastic is an essential material in our daily lives that has multiple functions: food packaging bottles and jars, insulators, microchips in phones and computers, textile industry and so on. The world’s annual consumption of plastic materials has increased from around 5 million tonnes in the ‘50s to nearly 300 million tonnes in 2020. Due to plastic’s resistance against degradation and its increased production in industry, the issue of plastic pollution has evolved to become a menace to global ecology. Therefore, there is an urgent need to resolve these environmental issues that minimise the importance of these materials that play an important role in our daily lives. All these recycling approaches have limitations because the PET can only undergo a finite number of processing cycles before their properties are significantly compromised ends up in the landfills or is incineration, being the source of others pollutants. However, PET could be recovered through chemical recycling, we could save the natural resources and the prices of polymers would be lower. RECYCLE propose a simple solution, to heterogeneously catalyse PET depolymerisation using surface modified flexible materials, in which 2D malleable flakes/sheets are surface modified by strong acidic functionalities, like sulfonates.

Optimization of photoactive perovskite materials using machine learning techniques Call name: P 2 - SP 2.1 - Proiect experimental - demonstrativ
PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-1567 2020 - 2022

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA SI INGINERIE NUCLEARA " HORIA HULUBEI " - IFIN - HH

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA SI INGINERIE NUCLEARA " HORIA HULUBEI " - IFIN - HH (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Affiliation:

Project website: http://optim-prv.nipne.ro/index.php

Abstract:

The project proposes a new methodology for screening, prediction and validation of photoactive perovskite materials using machine learning techniques (ML). In the past few years, solar cells based on hybrid perovskite materials have shown impressive values of photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs), to date reaching 25.2%, with options for further enhancement. However, due to the huge number of possible structural and compositional configurations, optimizing the perovskite materials for stability and solar cell PCE by exhaustive numerical calculations or large scale synthesis is not feasible. Instead, the ML techniques can provide the necessary framework for a guided search. Using high throughput density functional theory (DFT) calculations, a database containing opto-electronic properties of interest shall be first assembled. Then, the ML scheme shall be implemented using artificial neural networks (ANNs), which already provided successful predictions in other condensed matter systems. They will primarily use the theoretical data as well as feedback from experiments. The selected candidates shall be synthesized and perovskite solar cells shall be fabricated as final products. The aim is to optimize the absorption spectra of the perovskite materials in order to increase the solar cell PCE and to enhance their stability. The coordinator team (NIPNE) will be focused on the development of the DFT-ML scheme, based on prior experience with first-principles calculations and ANN based methods for the prediction of the electronic gaps. The partner team (NIMP) will perform the synthesis of perovskite materials and fabrication of PSCs, based on extensive expertise accumulated during the PERPHECT project, where record PCEs were achieved. Relating two key elements (ML techniques and perovskite materials) the project is expected to have a large impact in material engineering and can reshape the current approaches for investigating new materials.

Holistic design of fuel cell electrocatalysts for the least power applications Call name: P 3 - SP 3.2 - Proiecte ERA.NET
ERANET-M.-CATALEAST-2 2019 - 2022

Role in this project: Project coordinator

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO); Research Centre for Natural Science (HU)

Affiliation: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Project website: https://infim.ro/en/project/holistic-design-of-fuel-cell-electrocatalysts-for-the-least-power-applications/

Abstract:

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) comprise the most important fuel cell type for mobile

and portable electricity generation. Currently used PEMFC electrodes based on Pt/C electrocatalysts have

stability issues resulting in limited lifetime and high price. Project CATALEAST, a consortium with

complementary expertise in catalyst development and PEMFC design, proposes development of new types

of composite-based corrosion resistant catalysts with improved stability and decreased Pt content;

integration of these materials into Membrane Electrode Assemblies (MEAs); and building of PEMFC cells

and stacks from these MEAs for laboratory tests and application in new portable devices. The novel

generation of electrocatalysts and the completed small PEMFCs with MEAs built on these catalysts as the

outcomes of the proposed work will contribute to the deployment of hydrogen fuel cells, one of the key

technologies towards a sustainable, decarbonised and more efficient energy system.

HYBRID CATALYTIC/PHOTOCATALYTIC SYSTEM FOR DECONTAMINATION OF SENSITIVE EQUIPMENT Call name: P 2 - SP 2.1 - Proiect de transfer la operatorul economic
PN-III-P2-2.1-PTE-2019-0241 2020 - 2022

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: STIMPEX S.A.

Project partners: STIMPEX S.A. (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Affiliation: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Project website: https://www.stimpex.ro/single-post/sistem-hibrid-catalitic-fotocatalitic-de-decontaminare-echipamente-sensibile-detoxsens

Abstract:

The project aims the development of innovative industrial technologies for the decontamination of military and/or civilian sensitive equipment based on catalytic/photocatalytic hybrid systems for decontamination of real chemical warfare agents. The industrial prototype, generically called DETOXSENS, will have an immediate contribution in the management of crisis situations involving chemical warfare agents or extremely toxic chemicals once it is introduced into possession of the specialized intervention teams of the Ministry of National Defense, or other structures of the National Defense System. Compared to the decontamination techniques already present on the international market, the newly created prototype will have the ability to rapidly decontaminate the surfaces of sensitive equipment as well as to detoxify (total destruction) chemical warfare agents, the reaction products being completely non-toxic for both humans and environment. DETOXSENS may also be used for the immediate decontamination of individual military equipment. To achieve this objective, a partnership between S.C. STIMPEX S.A. and National Institute of Materials Physics will be formed. The research teams that make up the Consortium are complementary teams and have experience in jointly developing important research projects.

IMPROVEMENT OF LIFE QUALITY BY DEVELOPING NEW TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON EFFICIENT NANOPARTICLES IN WATER AND SOIL DECONTAMINATION Call name: P 1 - SP 1.2 - Proiecte complexe realizate in consorții CDI
PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0134 2018 - 2021

Role in this project: Key expert

Coordinating institution: UNIVERSITATEA DE STIINTE AGRONOMICE SI MEDICINA VETERINARA

Project partners: UNIVERSITATEA DE STIINTE AGRONOMICE SI MEDICINA VETERINARA (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE MEDICO-MILITARA „CANTACUZINO” (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE PENTRU PEDOLOGIE, AGROCHIMIE SI PROTECTIA MEDIULUI - ICPA BUCURESTI (RO); INSTITUTUL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE PENTRU PROTECTIA PLANTELOR (RO); INSTITUTUL NAŢIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE AGRICOLĂ-FUNDULEA (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA LASERILOR, PLASMEI SI RADIATIEI - INFLPR RA (RO)

Affiliation: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Project website: http://icvdta.proiectecercetaredezvoltare.ro/

Abstract:

The existence of contaminated areas all over the world and by consequence also in Romania represents a real concern regarding the water and earth quality that finally affects the life quality. The present Project Proposal is structured in three proposed components that are related to: 1- research development of new materials based on functionalized iron oxides dedicate to the removal of As ions and certain pathogen microorganisms- Gram negative bacteria frequently present in pollution water in the form of suspensions or biofilms; 2- inter-comparative studies of an international level priority regarding synthesized apatites and iron nanoparticles capacity to fix metallic ions from contaminated media together with eco-toxicological and cytotoxic of porous hydroxyapatite and of zero valence iron nanoparticles upon natural bacteria and other invertebrates species, laboratory animals or different human cell lines; 3- development of nano-devices and nano-materials with chemical properties that can be used as parts of intelligent natural agriculture systems and natural biochemical substances that can offer in a controlled manner the possibility for decontamination of affected areas and also ensures the desired quantity of fertilizer for the improvement of growth potential of agriculture areas. The specific Objectives of this Project as: toxicity evaluation for nanoparticles of FexOy si FexOy-functionalized and As ions upon eukaryote cells in in vitro and in vivo conditions or characterization by kinetic studies of metallic ions adsorption from contaminated media(water/earth) by the studied materials as well as the quality improvement of different types of vegetal cultures by the use of magnetic oxides nanoparticles treatments, ensures the contribution of the present Project to the life quality improvement.

New advanced nanocomposites. Technological developments and applications Call name: P 1 - SP 1.2 - Proiecte complexe realizate in consorții CDI
PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0871 2018 - 2021

Role in this project: Key expert

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE PENTRU OPTOELECTRONICA INOE 2000 INCD (RO); UNIVERSITATEA DE VEST TIMISOARA (RO); ACADEMIA ROMANA FILIALA TIMISOARA (RO); UNIVERSITATEA BABES BOLYAI (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA TEHNICA-IFT IASI (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA LASERILOR, PLASMEI SI RADIATIEI - INFLPR RA (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE- DEZVOLTARE PENTRU MICROTEHNOLOGIE - IMT BUCURESTI INCD (RO); UNIVERSITATEA "DUNAREA DE JOS" (RO); UNIVERSITATEA TRANSILVANIA BRASOV (RO); Ministerul Apararii Nationale prin Centrul de Cercetare Stiintifica pentru Aparare CBRN si Ecologie (RO)

Affiliation: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Project website: http://infim.ro/project/kuncser_noi_directii_de_dezvoltare_tehnologica_si_utilizare_nanocompozite_avansate_47pccdi_2018

Abstract:

The development of complex nanocomposite materials consisting of different matrices (polymer-like, oxides, intermetallics, liquids) functionalized by different nasnostructured additions (carbon allotropes, magnetic nanoparticles with different organizations, nanostructured semiconductors, etc.) is the aim of this project. The unique combinations of interacting nanophases offeres to the hybrid nanocomposite material new or enhanced proprieties of high interest for applications. In this context, according to the previous experience of the involved teams, the complex project (formed by 4 component projects) is focused on the development of new optimized nanocomposite systems to be included in experimental demonstrators or final products to be transferred to economical companies. The project will contribute both to an increased scientific visibility of the partners as well as to enhancing the institutional performances by the development of new technical and scientific capacities.

New approaches for the synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskit (HOIP)-type materials with possible ferroelectric properties for photovoltaic applications Call name: P 4 - Proiecte de Cercetare Exploratorie
PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2016-0692 2017 - 2019

Role in this project: Project coordinator

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Affiliation: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Project website: http://infim.ro/en/project/new-approaches-for-the-synthesis-of-hybrid-organic-inorganic-perovskit-hoip-type-materials-with-possible-ferroelectric-properties-for-photovoltaic-applications/

Abstract:

The ambitious goal of PEROFER proposal is to design new approaches for the synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite-type materials with possible ferroelectric properties for photovoltaic applications. The advantages of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) are: i) their low cost, ii) use of Earth-abundant and available elements, and iii) low-temperature processing synthetic routes through which they can be produced. Nevertheless, before commercialization of HOIP for photovoltaic technology there are some scientific and technical drawbacks which must be overcome: i) poor reproducibility of the HOIP materials; ii) lack of uniformity of the perovskite layers; iii) rapid degradation in moist environments (especially water); iv) lack of long-term stability of perovskite solar cells; v) suffers from bandgap larger than the ideal; iv) the use of highly toxic and carcinogenic Pb element with high environmental impact.

To give a chance to hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite onto the market, the development of very efficient, cost-effective and environmental friendly synthesis method of HOIP is highly desired.

The challenges of PEROFER proposal are original and innovative, and require scientific breakthroughs in fundamental phenomena and significant technological developments.

Syngas from biogas using combined steam and dry reforming on Ni based bimodal pore catalysts Call name: P 2 - SP 2.1 - Proiect experimental - demonstrativ
PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2016-0349 2017 - 2018

Role in this project: Partner team leader

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE DEZVOLTARE PENTRU TEHNOLOGII IZOTOPICE SI MOLECULARE I N C D T I M

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE DEZVOLTARE PENTRU TEHNOLOGII IZOTOPICE SI MOLECULARE I N C D T I M (RO); UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website: http://www.itim-cj.ro/pncdi/syncat/

Abstract:

Biogas is one of the most important renewable biofuels produced at large scales from a wide range of biological wastes. It consists in a mixture of multiple gases with CH4 and CO2 as main components in different ratios depending on the starting raw materials and conditions used for its production. The biogas is not used to generate fuels (methanol or superior liquid fuels), although contains the necessary constituents, mainly due to the low economic efficiency of the reformation process. The main objective of the present proposal is to develop a laboratory scale validated method to transform simulated biogas in synthesis gas with appropriate composition for methanol and liquid fuels synthesis (with H2:CO ratio 2:1) using new bimodal Ni based catalysts. The research will combine: (a) combined steam and dry reforming of methane process, (b) CH4:CO2 ratio from the real biogas and (c) Ni based bimodal catalysts, to give a reliable, laboratory scale validated method to produce syngas from biogas. Silica and alumina based bimodal catalysts promoted with a second oxide (MgO, CaO, ZrO2, CeO2, La2O3) will be prepared and characterized by several methods (BET, XRD, TEM-SEM, temperature programed processes, in-situ DRIFT). The bimodal pore structure is expected to improve the catalytic process because large pores provide rapid access of the reagents to active sites and the small pores provide higher surface area, while the second oxide is expected to contribute to a better metal dispersion and better metal-support interaction. NH3-TPD, CO2-TPD, in-situ DRIFT measurements will give information about the catalytic process related to catalyst structure. Catalytic tests will be developed to establish the optimum catalyst and reaction conditions to make the reformation process more energetic efficient. The catalyst deactivation will be studied in terms of carbon deposition and metal nanoparticles sinterization.

A general methodology for bio-polymers precursors synthesis: Mono- and di- aromatic carboxylic acids by catalytic routes Call name: P 2 - SP 2.1 - Proiect experimental - demonstrativ
PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2016-1429 2017 - 2018

Role in this project: Key expert

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA

Project partners: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Affiliation: INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA MATERIALELOR BUCURESTI RA (RO)

Project website: http://www.infim.ro/ro/projects/o-metodologie-generala-de-sinteza-precursorilor-de-bio-polimeri-cai-catalitice-de-obtinere

Abstract:

Development of new products and advancement in biopolymers technology for to meet and stand up the develop countries regulations is necessary to a competitive production units in Europe. Therefore, the main objective of BIOPREC concerns the development of an efficient catalytic material to be generally applied for the synthesis of mono- and di- aromatic carboxylic acids (as precursors for bio-polymers). The BIOPREC concept takes into account two main conditions: the methodology for aromatic carboxylic acid synthesis is an oxidation reaction and the precursors for oxidation are based on renewable resources.

Energy biogenerators: Design of new electrocatalysts for PEMFCs working with bioethanol with application for portable devices Call name: Joint Applied Research Projects - PCCA 2013 - call
PN-II-PT-PCCA-2013-4-1758 2014 - 2017

Role in this project: Project coordinator

Coordinating institution: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI

Project partners: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO); INSTITUTUL DE CHIMIE FIZICA - ILIE MURGULESCU (RO); Ministerul Apararii Nationale prin Centrul de Cercetare Stiintifica pentru Aparare CBRN si Ecologie (RO); STIMPEX S.A. (RO)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website: http://www.unibuc.ro/prof/florea_mi/Proiect-de-cercetare-PCCA-56-20140/index.php

Abstract:

The scientific and technical challenges facing fuel cells technology is the cost reduction and increased durability of materials and component. The challenges are substantial and require scientific breakthroughs and significant technological developments coupled with a continued social commitment. Therefore, our partnership proposes to undertake a two years research program with the aim to develop a unique fuel cells based energy system for portable applications. The fuel cells will be powered directly by bioethanol and will be in the electrical power range of 0.001-100w.

The development of an appropriate electrocatalyst to achieve high activity, high stability and high selectivity for the anodic oxidation of bioethanol in a micro-fuel cell power source will be the main outcome of the project. Surprisingly, there is a lack of data in the literature concerning the effect of non-noble metals on the activity of electrocatalytic materials. The project aims at filling this lack, by providing a low metal loading and low cost catalyst formulation to be used as anode in the fuel cell, and this makes ERGBIOGEN project new and original.

The project requires the close association and collaboration between experts in the fields of materials, catalysis, electrochemistry and engineering. This is fulfilled by the choice of the consortium, and therefore this project presents a collaborative consortium of four leading research groups from Romania, with complementary expertise.

Wastewaters treatment through flocculation- oxidation processes mediated by red mud derived flocculants and catalysts Call name: Joint Applied Research Projects - PCCA 2013 - call
PN-II-PT-PCCA-2013-4-0177 2014 - 2017

Role in this project: Key expert

Coordinating institution: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI

Project partners: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO); Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Chimie si Petrochimie - ICECHIM Bucuresti (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU METALE NEFEROASE SI RARE - IMNR (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA LASERILOR, PLASMEI SI RADIATIEI - INFLPR RA (RO); EDAS-EXIM SRL (RO)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website: http://www.unibuc.ro/depts/chimie/chimie_organica_biochimie_si_cataliza/PROIECTE-DE-CERCETARE/pn-ii-pt-pccaPN-II-PT-PCCA-2013-4-0177-2013-4-01770/

Abstract:

The project aims the development of an innovative technology for the treatment of wastewaters with high organic loading which may occur from different sources such as: food processing, stock farming, tanneries, oil pumping stations, engine cleaning stations.

The ground principle for the new technology is fighting pollution by valorizing the useful components from pollutants, or briefly ”Pollutants fighting pollution”. In this way the benefic impact on the environment is practically doubled. On one hand the volume of industrial wastes polluting the soil and waters is diminished, and on the other hand after the treatment clean water is obtained while decreasing the consumption of chemical grade reagents utilized in water treatment, as well as the costs related to the consumption of energy, raw and auxiliary materials needed for their manufacture avoiding also the emissions of other pollutants.

The industrial waste which is going to be valorized for this purpose is the red mud which is yielded in huge quantities from alumina manufacturing by Bayer process. Red mud is a highly alkaline residue (pH >11,5) with high concentration of iron oxides (40-50%) along with other oxides such as Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, Na2O, CaO. It has elevated sodium concentration (>30 g/kg), and soluble alkalinity (≈30 g/kg as equivalent CaCO3). Due to its alkalinity and high content of fine-grained particles (>90% have sizes
Taking into account the high concentration of iron oxides in red mud waste, this project aims the utilization of red mud as iron source in order to replace partially the chemical reagents (generally synthesis grade Fe(III) salts) used in the obtaining of coagulation-flocculation-oxidation agents and advanced oxidation catalysts used in wastewaters treatment, laying the grounds for a sustainable green technology for the treatment of high organic loaded wastewaters.

The following original aspects that were not investigated up to now will be addressed:

a) the utilization of red mud suspensions for the generation of ferrate anions (FeO42-) which are the most powerful oxidation agents that may be used in water treatment (as it may be seen from the variation of the redox potentials: FeO42- (2,2eV) > O3 (2,03 eV) >H2O2 (1,78 eV) > MnO42- (1,68 eV) > Cl2 (1,36 eV) > O2 (solved) (1,23 eV) > ClO2 (0,95 eV)). The ferrate anions are considered to be a „green oxidant” since after the ferrate (VI) treatment there are no toxic by-products and following the redox cycle Fe(VI) is reduced to Fe(III) which is a very good coagulant/flocculant. Subsequently, in the stage following the oxidation it may serve as coagulant/flocculant able to remove the non-degradable impurities.

b) the obtaining of red-mud derived ceramic foams by gel-casting method - water treatment advanced oxidation catalysts

c) the obtaining of nanostructured amphiphilic magnetic materials - carbon nanofibers/red mud ceramic foams by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method – efficient adsorbents of hazardous organic contaminants in wastewaters.

d) integration of the above mentioned obtained materials in the technology for the treatment of wastewaters with high organic loading.

The project enables the partnership between public and private areas in the priority domain 3- Environment. The partnership includes 5 participants: an university, 3 national research-development institutes, a private company EDAX EXIM SRL provider of equipments and specific tasks in the domain of wastewaters and water treatments which co-finances the project. The participation of the co-financer has the role to create the mechanisms for implementing the technologies developed by this project.

New catalysts and photocatalysts for decontamination and detoxification of chemical warfare agents Call name: Joint Applied Research Projects - PCCA 2013 - call
PN-II-PT-PCCA-2013-4-1468 2014 - 2017

Role in this project: Key expert

Coordinating institution: STIMPEX S.A.

Project partners: STIMPEX S.A. (RO); Ministerul Apararii Nationale prin Centrul de Cercetare Stiintifica pentru Aparare CBRN si Ecologie (RO)

Affiliation:

Project website: http://nbce.ro/detoxchem.html

Abstract:

The project proposes the development of innovative technologies for the decontamination and detoxification of chemical warfare agents and other highly toxic chemicals, together with the development of appropriate application equipment. Results of the project will have an immediate contribution in the management of crisis situations involving chemical agents or chemical warfare extremely toxic, with the introduction of our systems of decontamination and detoxification in equipping specialized intervention team of the Inspectorate for Emergency Situations, Ministry of National Defence, and other structures of the National Defence System. The technology proposed in this project is far less polluting compared to existing technologies and will have a high yield, outside, ensuring rapid decontamination and detoxification of chemical warfare agents and their degradation products. The project proposes the development of new materials that can be used in decontamination and detoxification processes, and also the development of three prototypes of application equipment. The first prototype will use photocatalists powders based on natural materials, able to use natural light or artificial light and address to the decontamination and detoxification of chemical warfare agents, their precursors and other toxic substances with a similar structure. The second prototype will use a suspension of catalysts and photocatalists in organic solution and will address to the sensitive equipment inside buildings, aircraft, vehicles, etc. The third prototype will use a suspension of catalysts and photocatalysts in aqueous solution which can be used for decontamination and detoxification of contaminated land, buildings and the exterior of equipments. In order to achieve these objectives, the partnership formed by S.C. STIMPEX S.A., University of Bucharest and Scientific Research Center for CBRN Defence and Ecology, will take aim at the development of new catalysts and photocatalysts and new systems for high-performance applications. Research teams that make up the Consortium are complementary and have good experience in the development of joint research projects.

Extensive valorization of lignin and salicylic acid to bulk and fine chemicals Call name: Joint Applied Research Projects - PCCA-2011 call, Type 2
PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-0731 2012 - 2016

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI

Project partners: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO); Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Chimie si Petrochimie - ICECHIM Bucuresti (RO); CENTRUL DE CHIMIE ORGANICA AL ACADEMIEI ROMANE "C.D.NENITESCU" (RO); BIOMASS ENERGY FARMING SRL (RO); POLL CHIMIC S.A. (RO)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website: http://www.unibuc.ro/depts/chimie/chimie_organica_biochimie_si_cataliza/PROIECTE-DE-CERCETARE/Proiect-151-din-2012/

Abstract:

Lignin represents one of the major sources of carbon, hydrogen and functional groups provided by the nature. However, due to its polymeric structure, it is not enough valorized for the moment, although except the desert areas, it is abundant in the world. One of the reasons of the un-sufficient valorization is the high content of oxygen in very diverse functionalities. The present proposal constitutes a multi-facet project based on several novelties. The first one refers to the nature of the chemical compounds are intended to be produced using lignin as starting material. The second novelty refers to the nature of the catalysts. They will exhibit two functionalities: one acidic to disrupt oxygen bonds and to catalyze acylation and alkylation reactions, and second, to hydrogenate the disrupted fragments. The new catalysts will be prepared as micrometer materials containing active supported nano-structured species to allow an easy penetration inside the polymers. They will present a high density of defects, directly connected to the population of the active centres. The chemical composition of the catalyst represents another novelty, since it should be cheap and recoverable. The fourth novelty refers to the combination of valorization of lignin with salicylic acid. This is also abundant in bushes/leafs and till now does not found an efficient extraction and use in Romania. Another expected novelty is the establishment of analytic methodologies. The methods proposed till now in the literature are rather contradictory. Based on these statements the main objective of the project is Extensive valorization of lignin and salicylic acid to bulk and fine chemicals. Several sub-objectives are derived from this general objective: cultivation of different species of energetic willows, an efficient extraction of Lignin and Salicylic acid, new catalytic technologies to valorize the raw materials to surfactants and lignans, project implementation into pilot plant, dissemination.

Biomaterials synthesis for polyesters industry with applicability in the production of ballistic protection equipments Call name: Joint Applied Research Projects - PCCA-2011 call, Type 2
PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-1683 2012 - 2016

Role in this project: Key expert

Coordinating institution: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI

Project partners: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO); Ministerul Apararii Nationale prin Centrul de Cercetare Stiintifica pentru Aparare CBRN si Ecologie (RO); UNIVERSITATEA POLITEHNICA DIN BUCURESTI (RO); STIMPEX S.A. (RO); CROMATEC PLUS SRL (RO)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website: http://www.unibuc.ro/depts/chimie/chimie_organica_biochimie_si_cataliza/PROIECTE-DE-CERCETARE/proi-1662/

Abstract:

Over the past two decades, polymers from renewable resources (PFRR) have been attracting increasing attention, primarily for two major reasons: environmental concerns, and the realization that our petroleum resources are finite. A third reason for the growing interest in polymers from renewable resources relates to adding value to agricultural products, which is economically important for many countries. The overall objective of this project concern the design of new polymeric materials with three key functional requirements: non-toxic, biodegradable, and minimal impact on waste management.

The concept of GREENBALEQUIP addresses the essential questions and challenges of moving toward a sustainable society in which bio-based feedstock, processes, and products are fundamental pillars of the economy. The project approaches not only the importance of preparing bio-polymeric materials and the technical issues related to this, but also the economics, infrastructure and policy surrounding the implementation of these biomaterials to the defense equipments industry, and the open market for further implementation to other polymers industry.

INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SYNTHETIC AVIATION FUEL FROM ALGAL BIOMASS Call name: Joint Applied Research Projects - PCCA-2011 call, Type 2
PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-0083 2012 - 2016

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Chimie si Petrochimie - ICECHIM Bucuresti

Project partners: Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Chimie si Petrochimie - ICECHIM Bucuresti (RO); INSTITUTUL DE CERCETARI PRODUSE AUXILIARE ORGANICE S.A. (RO); UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website: http://algalsaf.icechim.ro/

Abstract:

INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING

SYNTHETIC AVIATION FUEL FROM ALGAL BIOMASS (ALGAL-SAF)

SUMMARY

ALGAL-SAF project focuses on the potential use of algae, as raw material for producing alternative fuels for aviation that could replace the petrochemical jet fuel up to 50% by volume without any durability problems, by an integrated technologies system starting from algae.

The overall objectives of the project aim to complete valorisation of algal biomass, using an integrated system wherein bio-feedstock is subjected to oil extraction to produce algal oil and then dehydrating of de-oiled algal biomass comprising carbohydrates, in the presence of catalysts to yield furan derivatives. Further, we propose, simultaneously catalytic processing technologies of fatty acid methyl esters and furan derivatives mixture by upgrading them into alcohol derivatives, and finally catalytic reforming processes for producing a mixture comprising iso/n alkanes, suitable for, or as a blending component for, uses such as an aviation fuel, being competitive and compatible, to current used fuels.No attempts were found in the literature about such an integrated system developed for synthetic aviation fuel production, as we have proposed in this project. We have found some knowledge gaps in the current state-of-art, as follows: (a) Selecting the microalgae able to grow in mixotrophic conditions for high yield algal oil production; (b) Mixotrophic microalgae culture, by supplementing culture media with crude glycerin, as carbon source and protein hydrolysate, as nitrogen source (c) Valorization of de-oiled algal biomass via furan derivatives, as precursors for aviation fuels; (d) Simultaneously catalytic processing technologies of fatty acid methyl esters and furan derivatives mixture by upgrading them into alcohol derivatives; (e) Simultaneously dehydration, hydrocracking and isomerization processes of alcohol derivatives, for producing iso/n alkanes, suitable as synthetic aviation fuel.

The project will contribute to environmental compliance of Directive 2009/28/EC, on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, which aims at achieving by 2020 a 20% share of energy from renewable sources in the EU's final consumption of energy and a 10% share in each member state's transport energy consumption.

Heterogeneous organocatalysts for the green synthesis of chiral glycidate intermediates Call name: Exploratory Research Projects - PCE-2011 call
PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0041 2011 - 2016

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: Universitatea din Bucuresti

Project partners: Universitatea din Bucuresti (RO)

Affiliation: Universitatea din Bucuresti (RO)

Project website: http://www.chimie.unibuc.ro/cercetare/cataliza/idei321/

Abstract:

The use of catalysis in asymmetric synthesis is an efficient way for the production of sophisticated molecules following the atom economy concept. In this context, organocatalysis start to be more and more important bringing advantages both in respect of its synthetic range but also for economic reasons. Thus, one might expect that in the near future an increasing number of organocatalytic reactions will make the jump from academic synthesis to industrial application. On the other hand, making organocatalysts insoluble and consequently easily recoverable and reusable is a stately way to answer the principles of “Green chemistry”. In this context, the main objective of the present project is the preparation of efficient heterogeneous organocatalysts (e.g., inorganic carriers grafted chiral ketones, CMOFs with chiral ketones as pillars, magnetically recoverable nanocatalysts) for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral glycinates through the epoxidation of cinnamates derivatives structures. The project is expected to lead to the development of new organocatalysts, to new strategies in organocatalysis, to new insight into reaction mechanism of organocatalyzed reactions, to new methods in synthetic organic chemistry, and arousal of the interest of chemical and pharmaceutical industry in organocatalysis. Moreover, by implying PhD students in the project team it is expected to promote organocatalysis in education of young chemists in modern organic chemistry.

New chemical systems based on nanocrystalline frameworks and porous architectures for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells(IT-SOFC)operating with biogas Call name: Joint Applied Research Projects - PCCA-2011 call, Type 1
PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.1-1423 2012 - 2016

Role in this project: Partner team leader

Coordinating institution: INSTITUTUL DE CHIMIE FIZICA - ILIE MURGULESCU

Project partners: INSTITUTUL DE CHIMIE FIZICA - ILIE MURGULESCU (RO); UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO); UNIVERSITATEA DIN CRAIOVA (RO); INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA LASERILOR, PLASMEI SI RADIATIEI - INFLPR RA (RO)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website: http://www.icf.ro/pr_2011/NANOBIOSOFC/index.html

Abstract:

Energy production based on fossil fuels is one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) offer a great potential for increasing efficiency of power generation with additional environmental benefits. SOFC technology is currently under development. The state-of-the-art SOFC is operating at about 1000°C with high manufacture cost and low lifetime. The objective of the NANOBIOSOFC project is to improve this situation. Therefore, new chemical systems based on crystalline frameworks and porous architecture (with tailored structure, texture and morphology) and new cost-effective synthesis procedures will be developed in the framework of this project. The catalytic and electrochemical properties of the synthesized materials will be further investigated in order to select the appropriate preparation procedure and composition for each SOFC component (e.g. anode, electrolyte, and cathode), as well as the optimal operating conditions. Several thin film deposition procedures will be used for the manufacture of single SOFC. SOFC testing under various conditions will be carried out. Thus, the most appropriate manufacture procedure which allows the highest performance under long-time operation conditions will be identified. The expected impacts and outcomes of this project are:

- Integrate and develop new materials for improving SOFCs technology;

- Increase knowledge about the influence of composition, structure and processing conditions on the catalytic and electrochemical properties of nanomaterials;

- Gain understanding of component interactions and processes in single SOFC fueled with biogas.

Synthesis of some C4, C5 carboxilic acid building block chemicals from renewable biomass resources. Call name: Joint Applied Research Projects - PCCA-2011 call, Type 2
PN-II-PT-PCCA-2011-3.2-1367 2012 - 2016

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: CENTRUL DE CHIMIE ORGANICA AL ACADEMIEI ROMANE "C.D.NENITESCU"

Project partners: CENTRUL DE CHIMIE ORGANICA AL ACADEMIEI ROMANE "C.D.NENITESCU" (RO); UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO); UNIVERSITATEA SAPIENTIA (RO); MONDOIMPEX S.R.L. (RO); ASOCIAŢIA ÎNTREPRINDERILOR MICI ŞI MIJLOCII COVASNA - ASIMCOV (RO)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website: http://www.ccocdn.ro/index.php?id=28

Abstract:

It is well known that the reserves of oil, natural gas and coal are limited. In contrast, biomass is a reliable resource for fuels and chemicals in the long term. Supplementing petroleum consumption with renewable biomass resources is of critical importance in sustaining the growth of the chemical industry. A key to the chemical industries gradual shift toward the use of renewable biomass resources is the implementation of the biorefinery concept. Similar to a petroleum refinery, a biorefinery integrates a variety of processing technologies to produce multiple bioproducts from various biomasses. In 2004 the US Department of Energy published the report "Top Value Added Chemicals from Biomass Volume I—Results of Screening for Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas". Levulinic and succinic acids are the two target molecules, selected from the twelve building block chemicals identified by this report, for which we intend to develop in the frame of this project sustainable industrial synthetic routes based on sugar containig renewable resources. A set of interconected technologies will be devised including: 1) conversion of alternative biomasses (wood, potatoes, corn) to levulinic acid using combined ultrasound assisted heterogeneous catalytic process; 2) synthesis of succinic acid from levulinic acid or furfural, main by-product of levulinic acid production, by novel heterogeneous catalytic processes; 3) conversion of levulinic acid to methyltetrahydrofurane; 4) conversion of glucose and/or glycerol to succinic acid by a fermentative process using novel genetically engineered E. coli strains. In agreement with this tasks apropriate research groups, with complementing expertise in organic synthesis, catalysts design and preparation, process development, bioengineering and biotehnology have organised a consortium together with industrial parteners interested biomass valorisation.

NEW STRATEGIES FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF FINE CHEMICALS BY CATALYTIC SELECTIVE OXIDATION Call name: Projects for Young Research Teams - TE-2011 call
PN-II-RU-TE-2011-3-0057 2011 - 2014

Role in this project:

Coordinating institution: Universitatea din Bucuresti

Project partners: Universitatea din Bucuresti (RO)

Affiliation: Universitatea din Bucuresti (RO)

Project website: http://www.unibuc.ro/prof/florea_mi/proi-cerc-te-105-2011/

Abstract:

The problem of identifying new materials and with sustainability concepts, and lowering until stopping the pollution, was situated by the EU as a priority element on the criteria list which should be considered for financing the FP7 projects. That’s why identifying new technological solutions for the preparation of new materials for oxidation processes and fine chemistry, with high efficiencies and in environmentally friendly conditions, is of high importance and relevant in this competition context. The present project will follow two main research directions: 1) The development and optimization of the synthesis routes of vanadium based catalysts by using different synthetic methods. The incorporation of the third element (Fe or Ga) in the oxide structures will be done by using coprecipitation and impregnation. 2) The catalytic investigation in hydrocarbon oxidation and fine chemistry, more precisely of toluene, p-xylene and 2-methyl-1-naphthol or 2-methylnaphtalene. In order to establish the relation between the materials history and their catalytic performances, all materials will be fully characterised by using techniques such as: BET, XRD, TG-DSC, FTIR, TPR, UV-VIS, RAMAN and chimisorption measurements in situ condition, XPS, etc. The technological effect of such a study is immediate, since it allows establishing scientific criteria for elements selection for industrial catalysts preparation and the extensive approach of surface phenomena occurring on catalytic solids.

Perovskite type materials as anodes for SOFC Call name: P 3 - SP 3.1 - Proiecte de mobilități, România-Franța (bilaterale)
PN-III-P3-3.1-PM-RO-FR-2016-0032 2016 -

Role in this project: Project coordinator

Coordinating institution: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI

Project partners: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO); IRCELYON - CNRS Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon - UMR 5256 CNRS UCB Lyon 1 (FR)

Affiliation: UNIVERSITATEA BUCURESTI (RO)

Project website:

Abstract:

Studiile cu privire la materialele de tip perovskit pentru aplicatii in celule de combustie (SOFC) sunt in crestere si atrag cercetatori din diferite domenii. Prin urmare proiectul PERSOFC isi propune sa studieze in detaliu catalizatori de reformare de tip perovskit rezistenti la formarea de carbon, ca alternativa a catalizatorilor de Pt utilizati in prezent dar si mai ieftini decat catalizatorii bazati pe metale nobile. Al doilea obiectiv al acestui proiect este acela de a aborda valorificarea resurselor biologice prin utilizarea biogazului, care reprezinta deja in prezent combustibilul cel mai raspandit obtinut din biomasa. Efectul otravirii anozilor cu compusi pe baza de S va fi de asemenea abordat in cadrul acestui proiect cu scopul de a gasi noi strategii pentru a depasi aceasta problema majora. Pentru a atinge obiectivele specifice ale proiectului PERSOFC, diferiti perovskiti continand La si Sr drept cationi A, si Fe, Mn si Cr drept cationi de tip B vor fi preparati prin metode simple si necostisitoare, cum ar fi metoda citrat. Ambele grupuri implicate in proiect au experienta anterioara in domeniul de cercetare ce face obiectul acestui proiect si dispun de tehnicile necesare pentru a realiza aceasta cercetare in cele mai bune conditii, pentru a dezvolta intr-un mod integral obiectivul orientat spre producerea de energie prin pile de combustie de oxid solid pe baza de materiale non-nobile, de tip perovskit, cu surse regenerabile de biogaz.

Catalytic biogas conversion under polarization Call name: Joint Research Projects Romania-France - IDROFR-2011 call
PN-II-ID-JRP-RO-FR-2011-2-0058 2011 -

Role in this project: Project coordinator

Coordinating institution: University of Bucharest

Project partners: University of Bucharest (RO); Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (FR)

Affiliation: University of Bucharest (RO)

Project website:

Abstract:

The main objective of the project is to contribute to the deeper understanding of the various phenomena involved in the catalytic reforming reactions of fuels to produce hydrogen when the catalytic process is based on the use of oxygen-permeable membranes, i.e. in conditions where the reactions are necessarily influenced by the transport of O2- ions to the catalytic site. It focuses on the use and the valorization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of organic wastes (methanizers). To this respect and as an innovative approach, it is intended to take into account the presence of main impurities (S-containing compounds and NH3) in the study. Thus the poisoning effect of S-containing compounds on the reforming catalysts will be addressed under the influence of polarization with the hope of finding new strategies to overcome this major issue. The conversion of S-containing compounds and NH3 will be also a major concern of the project in view of assessing the harmfulness of emissions released in the atmosphere after the process. Finally the risk of formation of carbon deposits commonly reported in the case of reforming of hydrocarbons will be examined. On these bases, effort will be put into the preparation and the study of innovative catalytic materials with conductive properties showing improved catalytic behavior in dry/steam reforming of methane (resistance to carbon formation, resistance to poisoning, low harmful emissions). Noble metal (NM) based materials will be studied with the aim of decreasing the NM loading. The preparation of mixed oxides with improved activity as substitutes to NM catalysts will be also investigated. The influence of the polarization will be carefully studied experimentally and compared with data obtained from modeling. Findings will be applied to design a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell fed with biogas containing main impurities (H2S and NH3) and operating at intermediate temperatures (700-800°C). The end-product will integrate a Catalytic Anodic Membrane layer deposited on an optimized commercially available Ni cermet anode and aiming at converting methane into hydrogen and hydrogen into electrical power. The objective of reaching electrical power more than 0.5 W.cm-2 at 800°C and stable operation for more than 1000 h will be targeted with the elaboration of original Cu based current collectors prepared by screen printing.

The consortium has been carefully assembled to provide the necessary human and technical resources required for a highly challenging and multidisciplinary project. Special care was dedicated to verify that all stages of the R&D programme investigated in the project have the necessary critical mass respectively to achieve the specific objectives. The participant groups of the Consortium have complementary expertise, very well connected to the thematic of the project. It comprises two groups from well known institutes and universities with complementary expertise: Romanian Partner UB (Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis from Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest) and for the French Partner the group of “Clean and Renewable Energies” which is formed from three teams, IRCELyon (Institut de Catalyse et de l'Environnement de Lyon) as principal investigator, LEPMI (The Laboratoire d’Electrochimie et de Physicochimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces) and LPMG (Laboratoire des Procédés en Milieux Granulaires) as colaborators.

The POLCA proposal will allow bringing together partners backgrounds and creating a synergy between self experiences to be applied to new fields of modern catalysis. This is the case of hydrogen production via methane and biogas reforming and its application in SOFCs. The project will certainly bring an effective added value to the sustainable development for both sides. This experience might be a key for further common actions between all partners.

FILE DESCRIPTION	DOCUMENT
List of research grants as project coordinator or partner team leader
Significant R&D projects for enterprises, as project manager
R&D activities in enterprises
Peer-review activity for international programs/projects